A new piece of research has been conducted that credibly shows that the avg. IQ of women is 20 points above that of men. This research is currently secret.

For the purpose of the debate, misandry is an ideology that centers around hating and being antagonistic towards men.

For the purpose of the debate, gamification of reading refers to the process where reading becomes a more interactive and competitive social experience. Examples of this includes online reading Apps such as Fable, including features of personalized reading stats, daily reading streaks, and an integrated e-reader that enables users to highlight, annotate, and discuss books in real-time with others.

The American Dream is the belief that in the U.S., everyone has the opportunity to succeed and achieve a better life through hard work and perseverance, regardless of their background or social status. 

LGBTQIA+ visibility has expanded across Southeast Asia, with Thailand advancing a marriage equality bill and countries like Vietnam and the Philippines showcasing strong queer presence online. Tourism increasingly features queer-friendly destinations, from Bangkok cabaret shows and Phuket Pride to Manila drag festivals and Bali nightlife. Alongside tourism, migration reflects economic and social shifts: LGBTQIA+ individuals often relocate to hubs like Singapore, Kuala Lumpur, and Bangkok seeking jobs in the hospitality and creative sector.

“Respectability politics” refers to the strategy of presenting marginalized groups in ways that align with dominant cultural norms (e.g., family-friendly, professional, monogamous). In the LGBTQIA+ context, this often means promoting images like same-sex married couples or queer parents while downplaying expressions seen as “too radical” (e.g., drag, kink, non-traditional relationships).

An adhocracy emphasises decentralised decision-making cross-functional teams, and internally encourages rapid adaptation to new opportunities or challenges. In contrast, a hierarchy is a structured system with clear lines of authority, formal roles, and established procedures, prioritizing stability control and consistent processes.

Avoidant escapism refers to the use of activities such as entertainment, daydreaming, or substance use to distract oneself from confronting stress, problems, or difficult emotions.

The ‘tortured genius’ archetype depicts brilliant but deeply flawed or mentally unstable protagonists whose suffering is romanticized as part of their creativity. This trope shapes perceptions of mental illness as inseparable from artistic greatness.  For example, in A Beautiful Mind (2001), John Nash’s mathematical brilliance is interwoven with his battle against schizophrenia, with his genius and mental illness portrayed as inextricably linked.

In recent decades, Hinduism in India has witnessed a gradual rise of female priests challenging male-dominated ritual spaces. Women are increasingly performing weddings, funerals, and temple ceremonies, often emphasizing inclusivity and modern reinterpretations of scripture.

Hijras in India, recognized as a third gender, have long faced exclusion and marginalization. They often capitalize on public unease by appearing at weddings, childbirths, or marketplaces, loudly offering blessings or hurling curses. Refusal to comply risks public embarrassment or bad fortune, making fear of disruption their bargaining tool for dignity and livelihood. A parallel can be seen with early Jewish communities in Europe, who, facing hostility and exclusion, sometimes invoked narratives of divine retribution or collective unrest if sacred practices or burial grounds were desecrated. Both groups show how fear can be strategically mobilized to claim space and resources.

You are a 24 year old debater. You are renowned in your country's circuit, and people generally tell you that you are quite skilled. You have never debated at a 'major' (an annual international tournament that serves as a continental/world championship) in your life. You also have a day job as a consultant in a mid-tier consultancy firm. You are at a crossroads, where you can either double down on parliamentary debating, or quit and focus solely on your life ahead.

Behavioral economics and psychology studies show that most people prefer avoiding losses over acquiring equivalent gains (known as loss aversion). This means people are more motivated to avoid losing ₹100 than to gain ₹100, leading to cautious decision-making in uncertain situations.